Beautiful ‘truths’: Resource ListingA creative nonfiction resource list for Australians

According to Lee Gutkind, creative nonfiction (CNF)makes use of techniques usually employed by poets and fiction writers, such as “scenes, dialogue, close and detailed descriptions” [i].It seems to be a predominantly American movement, but these techniques have been used all over the world, probably predating the CNF movement by centuries[ii] . In Australia, the definition of the essay definitely includes what would be defined as creative nonfiction—for example, Peter Craven’s definition of 'essay’ in The Best Australian Essays of 2000 as “the word we use when something in a paper or magazine seems to have more than an ephemeral value or when something by an intellectual seems to communicate to more than a specialised audience."[iii]

For the purpose of this resource list, I will be concentrating mainly on the creative nonfiction essay, and to a lesser extent, books. When their essays are often published in newspapers or magazines, authors come under the jurisdiction of journalistic bodies, ethics and standards. Because the subject matter is supposed to be ‘truth’, essayists must be mindful of the local and international laws of copyright and libel.

My chosen field of new media is the online creative essay and also creative non-fiction, within Australia and internationally.

Part 1: Australian Institutional Frameworks
1:1 Australian professional bodies and organisations
Table 1: Professional bodies and organisations:
1: 2 Useful Industry Links
1:3 Ethics, copyright and libel laws
1: 4 Fellowships, grants, awards and competitions
Table 2: Grants
Table 3: Competitions and awards
1:5 Australian literary journals
Table 4: Australian print literary journals publishing creative nonfiction essays
Part 2: International Institutional Frameworks
2: 1 Professional bodies and organisations
Table 5: International professional bodies and organisations
Table 6: University programs offering courses in creative nonfiction
2: 2 Useful Industry Links
2:3 Ethics, copyright and legal considerations
2:4 Fellowships, grants, awards and competitions
Table 7: International Fellowships and Grants
Table 8: International Prizes and Awards for creative nonfiction works
2:5 International print journals publishing creative nonfiction essays
Table 9: International Print Journals accepting creative nonfiction
Part 3: Creative nonfiction in the new media
Table 10: Online literary journals publishing creative nonfiction

Part 1: Australian Institutional Frameworks

1:1 Australian professional bodies and organisations

Within Australia the field is dominated by more traditional literary bodies such as University English and Literature departments and the literary journals they publish, literary associations and government funding bodies.

Table 1: Professional bodies and organisations:

Name	Address/Web Address
Association for the Study of Australian Literature	School of Humanities and Social Sciences Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588 Wagga Wagga MC NSW 2678 www.asc.uq.edu.au/asal	Promotes the study of Australian writing, holds annual conferences, publishes a journal and publishes selected critical and scholarly works on Australian literature. Definitely worth joining to keep up with the field of Australian literature.
Australian Interactive Media Industry Association	Level 12, Skygarden Tower, 77 Castlereagh Street, Sydney NSW 2000 (02) 92381900 www.aimia.com.au Amimia@aimia.com.au	Peak body for the interactive media and digital content sectors in Australia, devoted to commercial development of the industry and support of members.
Society of Women Writers (NSW)	GPO Box 1388 Sydney NSW 2001 (02) 95448630 www.womenwritersnsw.org	Support for women writers, regular meetings at the SLNSW, guest speakers.
Australian Journalists’ Association	PO Box 723 Strawberry Hills NSW 2012 (02) 93330999 www.alliance.org.au	Information and help with industry standards, union services, awards, industry updates and the like.
Fellowship of Australian Writers	http://www.fawnsw.org.au/ My local ACT branch is Fellowship of Australian Writers (ACT) 9 Bage Place, Mawson ACT 2607	Promotes new Australian writing, and the study of Australian literature.
The Australia Council for the Arts	http://www.ozco.gov.au/	The Australian government’s art funding body. This group not only supports young and emerging writers, but actively shapes the field by supporting particular writers and artists over others.
Australian Society of Authors	PO Box 1566 Strawberry Hills NSW 2012, Ph: (02) 9318 0877 Fax (02) 9318 0530 http://www.asauthors.org	Probably as close to a union as you’re going to get. Plays an advocacy and mentoring role for established and emerging writers.
The Press Council of Australia	http://www.presscouncil.org.au	Information about reporting guidelines, libel and defamation laws.
The Ozwrite Network of Writers’ Centres	Australian writers’ centres: Australian Writers' Centres,	Each state capital has a Writers’ Centre. These groups all have resources for writers, at the very least in acclimatising the new writer to the cultural field by meeting the people who help to define it. The websites often have information useful to the novice writer.
ACT Writers’ Centre	Gorman House, Ainslie Avenue, Braddon ACT 2612 Ph (02) 6262 9191 Fax (02) 6262 9191 http://www.actwriters.org.au/	I’m a member of this group. It holds a couple of workshops a month, many of which cover nonfiction, but often this is more traditional historical writing than the modern memoir. It also maintains a list of competitions which are available to members.<
Watermark Literary Society	Watermark literary society	Fostering writings about nature and place.

1: 2 Useful Industry Links

Pandora Web Archive run by the National Library of Australia. When the small online literary journal you’ve published in vanishes from the net without trace, you may find your piece again if the journal was archived by Pandora.

Australian Creative Nonfiction This is a special issue of Text – Journal of the Australian Association of Writing Programs, on Australian creative nonfiction. Includes interesting articles by author Michael Wilder and literary editor Nigel Krauth.

Australian Government Culture and Recreation Portal A fantastic cultural resource, with lists of

· Australian writers' centres;

· Australian Stories, which embody many of the narratives and mores of the creative writing field in Australia:,

· Australian literary journals<, including some history;

· Australian literary websites

· Arts in Australia, which again helps define the field.

1:3 Ethics, copyright and libel laws

The Copyright Council of Australia website has several Acrobat fact sheets which are useful for the essayist:

Information Sheet G78, Competitions

Information Sheet G81, Journalists and Copyright

Information Sheet G57, Creating and publishing on the internet

The most important factor to take from these is that when writers enter into publishing agreements or enter competitions, they should check the conditions of publication or entry, because occasionally this will involve >ceding some rights under copyright law. When this is the case, the Copyright Council suggests that writers should weigh up the advantages (of entering the competition, or publishing with this group) against whatever they will lose by giving up their rights.[iv]

Plagiarism, where someone has stolen the substantive content but not the expression or actual words, is against journalistic ethics but not copyright. Thus if someone plagiarises your ideas, it might not be possible to take legal action, unless they have substantially copied the text (wholly or in part) as well.

One of the most difficult problems is that as the web is available all over the world, so copyright laws from every country apply. Australian Screen Writers' Guild FAQ on copyright has some basic practical information on dealing with international copyright issues. ~~Australian Screen Writers' Guild FAQ on copyright~~It’s a little out of date though, since the copyright lasts for 70 years after author’s death, not 50.

A writer of creative nonfiction must also be careful not to transgress libel laws, especially if they want to write something which might cast a real person in a negative light. Like copyright, they should be aware of libel laws within both the country of publication, and the country where the potentially libelled person lives. For instance, in 2001, a website called Baron’s Online was published in the US, which had potentially libellous material on Victorian Joseph Gutnick. A Melbourne court found that as the material was able to be viewed in Victoria, that the case could be held in Victoria under the more stringent Australian laws[v].

The Australian Press Council page on Press Law in Australia has information on libel laws in Australia, under no. 10, Defamation. Particularly note no. 10.2 What constitutes defamation.

Information on reporting guidelines from the Australian Press Council.

http://www.presscouncil.org.au/pcsite/complaints/sop.html

1: 4 Fellowships, grants, awards and competitions

Many authors, including Dorothy Hewett, Delia Falconer and Henry Reynolds, would have struggled to survive without literary grants[vi]. In general, the more lucrative fellowships will only go to writers who have proven themselves through a number of significant works, however there are several smaller grants available to new and emerging writers with a few publications in recognised .

The Art of Getting the Grant, from the Age, has information tips from writers on getting grants in the modern Australian context.

Most of the grants below are not specifically for creative nonfiction; however creative nonfiction would be eligible. See the websites for more information on any of these. Most are open to Australian residents only[vii].

As a general rule, competitions are worth vetting thoroughly before you enter. If the entry fee is excessive compared with the prize, then the competition may well be a scam.

Table 2: Grants

Grant Title	Address	Amount per annum	Who is eligible, and what for?
ACT Creative Arts Project Funding —Literature	artsACT Chief Minister’s Department GPO Box 158 CANBERRA ACT 2601	At the discretion of the committee	ACT residents who are emerging writers can apply for help with professional development and editing costs. Includes nonfiction.
ACT Creative Arts Fellowship—Literature	artsACT Chief Minister’s Department GPO Box 158 CANBERRA ACT 2601	$35,000	Individual ACT resident writers who have demonstrated excellence and shown potential for improvements
Arts South Australia Barbara Hanrahan Fellowship	Festival Awards, Arts Industry Development, GPO Box 2308 10 Pulteney St Adelaide SA 5000	$15,000	South Australian writers working in various areas including on essays.
Australia Council Biennial Fellowships	Australia Council Biennial Fellowships	$45,000	Writers with five significant works of literary nonfiction (comprising autobiography, biography, essays, histories, literary criticism or other analytical prose).
Australia Council’s New Work Grants	New work grants	5,000 – 30,000 depending on the experience of the writer	Emerging writers of literary nonfiction, with at least 10 published works in major print publications.
Australia Council Skills and Arts Development Grant	Skills and Arts Development Grant	6 months’ residency, $12,000 living allowance, $3,000 travel	Sponsors the writer for a six-month residency at various (specific) arts institutions around the world. Available to authors with one full-length work published (including of nonfiction)
New South Wales Ministry for the Arts Writer's Fellowship	Program Support Arts NSW PO Box A226 SYDNEY SOUTH NSW 1235	$20,000	Applicants submit a proposal to complete a work which will advance Australian literature. Writer must live in NSW.
National Archives of Australia Frederick Watson Fellowship and Margaret George Award		Up to $15,000 (FW) and up to $10,00 (MG)	Living allowance granted to well established or emerging researchers to explore the archives in their field of expertise. Frank Moorhouse was a recent recipient.
Churchill Fellowship		Average of $25,000	Travelling fellowship for an Australian ‘of any walk of life’, with a substantial body of work, to travel overseas to research or study something that they couldn’t within Australia. Recipients spend over 4 weeks overseas.
Harold White Fellowship	National Library of Australia		Residency, an NLA office, access to stacks and interlibrary loans. Perfect for the creative nonfiction writer!
Varuna Awards for Manuscript Development	Varuna—The Writers’ House 141 Cascade St Katoomba NSW 2780	10 days’ stay at Varuna house with a Harper Collins senior editor to workshop a manuscript.	For new or emerging writers of prose fiction or narrative nonfiction.Note: the adjudication process costs!
Varuna House Retreat Fellowships	Varuna—The Writers’ House 141 Cascade St Katoomba NSW 2780	3 weeks at Varuna		Writers of many genres, including nonfiction.

Table 3: Competitions and awards[viii]

Prize Title	Address	Prize	Word limit	Description
Alfred Deakin Prize for an Essay Advancing Public Debate (viewed 26 Oct. 06)	Victorian Premier’s Literary Awards State Library of Victoria, 328 Swanston Street, Melbourne VIC 3000	$15, 000	2000+	For an essay, which advanced public debate, published in the eligible period. Previous winners include John Button, Don Watson, Malcolm Fraser and Robert Manne, so probably best not to get the hopes up
Australian Book Review Reviewing Competition (viewed 11 Oct. 06)	PO Box 2320, Richmond South, Vic 3121	$200 (gift voucher, publication)	< 800	Review must be on a book published since 2000 by an Australian or with Australian themes.
Australian Book Review Calibre prize for outstanding essay	PO Box 2320, Richmond South, Vic 3121	$10,000	3,000 –10,000	On any nonfiction topic, must be unpublished and not on offer to any other publication.
Australian Human Rights Award—Arts Nonfiction category	Public Affairs Unit Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission	Kudos	None given	Writers who have made a significant contribution to the promotion and protection of human rights. Anyone who nominates themselves for this would deserve to lose.
Australian-Irish Heritage Joyce Parks Women Writers’ Prize	PO Box 1583 Subiaco WA 6904 www.irishheritage.net	$200	1,000	For prose essays, fiction or nonfiction. Open to all Australian women. Themes change so check the website.
Berringa and Beyond Multicultural Literary Awards	C/- Post Office, Scarsdale VIC 3351 www.papyrus.com.au	$125	1,800	Multicultural theme. Papyrus press has has difficulties lately, so this may yet disappear soon.
Hastings Regional FAW Literary Competition	PO Box 67, Port Macquarie NSW 2444 gillg@tsn.cc	$150	1,000	Three sections, one of which is Article or Memoir. Contact FAW for a copy of ‘The Writers’ Voice’ for all current competition and contact information.
Patricia Hacket Prize	Editor ‘Westerly’ English Communication and Cultural Studies University of WA Crawley WA 6009	$700	None given	For the most outstanding contribution to the literary journal Westerly.
William Todhunter Literary Award, Woodsite Valley Foundation WA.	47 Kitchener Avenue, Victoria Park, WA 6100 patchpost@brightonline.com.au	$2,000	5,000	>Western Australian history preservation society. Essays of 3000-5000 (spoken) words, topic is given (this year’s is ‘Miasma’-infectious or toxic emanation).

1:5 Australian literary journals

Many Australian literary journals will accept creative nonfiction essays. Most have an individual slant—those attached to University English departments such as Heat, Southerly and Westerly are a little more experimental, whereas the independent journals Meanjin, Overland and Quadrant, which derive from long standing arts or social movements within Australia, tend to be more overtly political.

The most promising new journal for essayists is The Monthly magazine, which publishes beautifully-crafted, accessible nonfiction. Although it tends to only publish well established authors, it’s worth reading to get a feel for the field.

It may be easier for the novice writer to be printed in some of the smaller journals, but these will carry less prestige than a publication in the major print journals.

In general, most submission manuscripts must be:

· printed on A4, single side only,

· double spaced and with a large margin,

· use Times New Roman 12 pt,

· include name, address and copyright on a cover sheet.

· Editors often request a brief biography (200 words).

Table 4: Australian print literary journals publishing creative nonfiction essays

Journal[ix]	Word Length	Submit via	Payment	Comments
Australian Multicultural Book Review	Max 3,000	Hard copy	Free AMBR magazine	Guidelines as per Papyrus Press – should address multicultural issues
Cultural Studies Review	3,000-7,000 words	Email as MSWord attachment to csreview@unimelb.edu.au	none	Journal of cultural studies and new writing. Useful both for reading, and submitting articles. Accepts freelance submissions for creative essays.
Heat Magazine	Max 6,000	Hard copy	None mentioned	Now part of the Writing and Society Research Group, Uni. W. Syd.
Meanjin	5,000, most much less	Hard copy only	$100.00[x]	University of Melbourne. Hight quality. Include a biographical note with submission. Between 10 and 20 essays per issue.
Meridian	2,000-5,000	Hard copy, email	None mentioned	La Trobe University English Review.
The Monthly	Varies	Hard copy only	At editor’s discretion	Literate, creative nonfiction essays publishes. Publishes well-known names such as Don Watson, Helen Garner, Robert Manne, Gideon Haigh, edited by Kerryn Goldsworthy. Contact editor before submission.
Overland	Max 5,000, most pieces tend to be half that.	Hard copy	$100.00[xi]	High quality, left-leaning literary journal publishing about 6 essays per issue.
Quadrant	1,500-4,500	Short stories: hard copy	Payment	High quality, right-leaning literary journal.
Skive Magazine Quarterly	100-2,500	Email with MSWord attachment	Nil	Amateur journal run by Matt Ward. Has just become a print mag. Easy to publish in (I have done so, under a pseudonym!)
Southerly	2,000-5,000, most about 2,000 words	Hard copy	$150.00[xii]	Journal of the English Association, University of Sydney. Prints a few more short stories than Meanjin.
Social Alternatives	1,000 to 3,000	Hard copy, email, disk in PC format	None	Left wing/ progressive/rights based polemic newsletter.
Text: Australian Association of Writing Programs Journal	No word length specified	Email only to text@griffith.edu.au	None	Very literary, accepts short stories, fictocriticism, creative nonfiction, cross-genre and experimental prose.
UQ Vanguard	Max 4,000	Hard copy with disk, email	None	Submissions must be politically correct, experimental. As it is sponsored by the University of Queensland Student Union, it may be an endangered species
Westerly	Max 2,000, but often much shorter, 800.	Hard copy only	$90.00[xiii]	About 4 essays per issue.
Woorilla	500 – 3,000	Hard copy with disk in rtf format, email with attachment in rtf format	None	Published by a co-operative of writers from the Dandenong ranges. Accessible rather than experimental work seems to be preferred.
Writers—Life Stories	1000 words	Email only	None	Autobiographical only. Very new publication therefore might disappear.

Part 2: International Institutional Frameworks

2: 1 Professional bodies and organisations

Overseas, but particularly in the US context, creative nonfiction falls within not only the academic field, but there is a far wider tradition of high quality essays within the journalistic field. The prestigious journals The New Yorker and Harper’s Magazine are the pinnacle of this tradition.

Interestingly, creative nonfiction, along with cross-genre literature in general, is flourishing in Canada, which must have a very healthy arts budget.

Table 5: International professional bodies and organisations:

Name and Web Address	Comments
Creative Nonfiction Organisation	Provides mentoring, a journal devoted to creative nonfiction, an education program, and a website with enormous resources. Publishes two journals.
Arts Council, UK	Development agency for the arts in the UK. Distributes government and National Lottery money.
National Endowment of the Arts (USA)	The USA’s largest funding body for the creative arts.
Association of Writers and Writing Programs	An international organisation providing members with job lists, a newsletter with writing and publishing advice, a grants and awards calendar, and advocacy.
American Society of Journalists and Authors	This society caters for freelance nonfiction writers, which most essayists will be.
The Author’s Guild (US)	Plays an advocacy role. Website has excellent legal advice on contracts, electronic rights, copyright, and news. Members must be published book authors or freelance authors (having had 3 piece published in the last 18 months).
New Zealand Society of Authors	Advocacy for New Zealand Writers. Has good links for the novice writer.
International PEN	PEN is an actively political group, which aims to support writers within oppressive regimes or societies.
Writer’s Market	(US equivalent of Australian Writers’ Marketplace) An online writer’s resource, published by F&W press, listing agents, publishers, contests and other information for authors. By subscription only.
SALT: Institute for Documentary Studies	One of these American artistic communities set up in the 1970s, and still going strong. Offers courses in creative nonfiction. Has a great resource listing.

Table 6: University programs offering courses in creative nonfiction

Reflecting the fact that creative nonfiction is a more American genre, there are several American and one English university, offering postgraduate degrees specialising in creative nonfiction.

Name and Web Address	Degree
University of Iowa English Department,	Nonfiction Writing Program MFA degree in literary nonfictionHas a very useful reading list.
George Mason University Department of English,	MFA with concentration in Creative Nonfiction
Goucher College English Department	MFA in Creative Nonfiction
Imperial College London	First UK Masters in Creative Nonfiction –Aimed at literary science writing than at the personal/memoir writer
University of Pittsburgh	MFA in Creative Nonfiction
>Oregon University School of Journalism and Communication	Masters of Literary Nonfiction
University of Southern California	Master of Professional Writing program with concentration in creative nonfiction

2: 2 Useful Industry Links

· 412: Pittburgh’s Annual Creative Nonfiction Festival This year will cover the ethics of writing creative nonfiction.

· Bruce Dobbler’s Creative Nonfiction Compendium. A definition of the field through reading lists, examples and definitions by Bruce Dobler, Associate Professor of English in the Creative Nonfiction Program at the University of Pittsburg.

· Fourth Genre (Journal of Creative Nonfiction) Forum. Has some excellent essays on nonfiction, including from Lee Gutkind, founder of the CNF movement.

· Articles from the CNF journal Brevity on the craft of the CNF essay.

· A brief description of creative nonfiction by Phil Druker of the University of Idaho .

· Aaron Pope’s definition of creative nonfiction.

· Definition of Creative Nonfiction in Wikipedia.

· Creative Nonfiction Week held by Columbia College in Chicago.

· Creative Nonfiction Magazine's mentoring program.

2:3 Ethics, copyright and legal considerations

· Writing creative nonfiction can bring up many ethical dilemmas: just how do you describe the bad points of a real person? Can you stretch the truth for poetic effect? The issue is the subject of The Creative Nonfiction Foundation’s conference: 412.

· Washington radio station, WTOP, article on CNF and ethics.

· An article from Frank Tempone, then-CNF editor of the Del Sol review, which discusses how ethical it is for Lee Gutkind and the Creative Nonfiction Foundation to claim ownership of the field.

· A comprehensive page of resources on US copyright and fair use laws from Standford University.

· Copyscape has a search engine which matches your site with others with identical (copied) pages.

· International copyright law resources from publisher Bloomsbury Press.

· The Authors’ Guild has a factsheet on US copyright, and also publishes news on copyright law changes. For instance, as this is being written, there is a bill being considered in the US Senate which would disallow authors from using branded trademarks in their work, making it a breach of trademark laws to write about a character going to MacDonalds and buying a Coke.

· To buy publications on creative nonfiction, click here.

2:4 Fellowships, grants, awards and competitions

I’ve omitted many grants on the grounds that they’re only available to US or UK citizens.

Table 7: International Fellowships and Grants[xiv]

Grant Title	Amount per annum	Who is eligible, and what for?
Fine Arts Work Centre, Provincetown, Massachusetts USA Winter Fellowships	Living accommodation and stipend of $500 per month.	6 month residential fellowship at the Fine Arts Work Centre.
Arts Council of the UK	Varies	UK citizens and residents can apply for various grants.
Phillips Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, USA, George Bennett Fellowship	One year Stipend of $10,000	Includes living expenses and meals for fellow and family. Responsible for mentoring students in writing.
Millay Colony residential program, Austerlitz, New York, USA.	one month residency	Commune-like retreat for artists and writers.
National Endowment for the Arts Creative Writing Fellowships	$20,000 for writing, research, travel and general career advancement	For writers of creative nonfiction who have published five essays in two or more journals, or a volume. Applicants must be citizens or permanent residents of the USA.

Table 8: International Prizes and Awards for creative nonfiction works

Note: All prize moneys are in the currency of the nationality of the contest.

Prize Title	Prize	Word limit	Description

Age Concern Book of the Year (UK)	£1,000	Book	Award for a work of nonfiction judged to best promote the understanding of older people.
Associated Writing Programs Annual Award Series (US)	$2,000	From 150-300 pages	Award for a manuscript of creative nonfiction, open entry.
Bellingham Review Annie Dillard Award for Nonfiction (US) Annie Dillard Bellingham Review Mail Stop 9053 Western Washington University Bellingham, WA 98225	$1,000	8,000	Nonfiction prose in the style of Annie Dillard, known for her spiritual/nature writing.
Briar Cliff Review Fiction, Poetry and Creative Nonfiction Contest (US)	$1000	6,000	Hard copy entry, guidelines on website.
Creative Nonquiction Contest (US)	$250 plus entry fee pool	< 250	Run by Brevity, Web del Sol and 5 Trope magazines. Flash nonfiction. Was run in 1999, may be defunct?
IP Picks 2007 National Writing Competition (US)	publication	Book length	Unpublished book manuscripts.
Literal Latte Essay Award (US)	$1,000	8,000	All styles and subjects welcome.
Longman-History Today Book of the Year Award (US)	£5,000	Book length	Authors first or second nonfiction book on a historical subject. Publisher entry only.
Lamar York Prize for Nonfiction	$1000	5,000	“No theoretical, scholarly, or critical essays will be considered, but all other approaches and topics are welcome”
Marylhurst University Journal of Literary and Visual Arts (US) M Magazine annual competition	$50	4,000	Has a creative nonfiction section.
Nervy Girl Creative Nonfiction Writing Contest (US)	$100	2,000	Personal essays, memoirs, and works of literary nonfiction in some way pertaining to the theme “Awakening.”
New Writing Ventures prize for Creative nonfiction (UK)	£5,000	4,000	Administered by the UK charity, Booktrust, for the New Writing Partnership. Seems to be open to anyone.
Orwell Prize (UK)	£1,000	Book length	Good, accessible prose about politics, political thinking or public policy.
Preservation Foundations Nonfiction Contest (US)	$100	1,500-5,000	For unpublished authors only. Entry is free.
Prairie Fire Writing Competition (Canada)	$1,000	5,000	Run by a Canadian print magazine of new writing. Hard copy submission only.
PRISM International Literary Nonfiction Prize (Canada)	$1,500	25 pages	Must be no more than 25 pages of double spaced typing on US-sized paper.
Richard J Margolis Award (US)	$5,000		Given to an essayist whose work combines “warmth, humo[u]r, wisdom and concern with social justice.”
Samuel Johnson Prize for Nonfiction (UK)	£30,000	Book length	Awarded to a work of nonfiction by an author of any nationality, on current affairs, history, politics, science, sport, travel, biography, and autobiography. Publisher entry only.
Surrey International Writers' Conference Writing Contest (Canada)	$C 1,000	1,500	Annual contest open to anyone over 18. Has a nonfiction section.
Tenessee Writers Alliance Creative Nonfiction Award (US)	$500	3,000	See website for more information.
The Charles Taylor Prize for Creative Nonfiction	$CAD20,000	Book length	Given to a work of Canadian-authored creative nonfiction
The New Writer Magazine: Prose and Poetry Prizes 2006. (US) PO Box 60, Cranbrook, Kent TN17 2RE tel 01580 212626; fax 01580 212041;	1^st prize £150	2,000	One division is for essays, on a writing-related or literary theme.
Women Writers Conference Creative Nonfiction Contest (US)	$500 plus con admis-sion	2,500	See website for more information.

2:5 Major print journals publishing creative nonfiction essays

The most important journals devoted to creative nonfiction are River Teeth, The Fourth Genre, Creative Nonfiction Magazine, The New Yorker, and Harper’s Magazine (all listed below). The first three arise from the Creative Nonfiction movement, and would probably be the easiest for the novice to try for publication. Conversely, it would be nearly impossible for a novice to get published in the latter two! Also of note is the online journal Brevity, which has some useful archives and forums on writing creative nonfiction. Most offer only a token payment, if at all.

It's best to read the journals beforehand to gauge the magazines’ aesthetics.

Most of these journals require hard copy submissions, in the following format:

· 12 point Times New Roman font

· Double spaced, on single side of page

· Brief biography

· Pages numbered

· Include a stamped, self-addressed envelope, with international post coupons. Some allow for an email address for reply.

· On US standard sized paper.

· And remember: set your spell-check for US spelling!

Table 9: International Print Journals accepting creative nonfiction

(Note: Important journals in the field are asterisked*)

Journal	Word Length	Submit via	Type	Comments
American Literary Review P.O. Box 311307 University of North Texas Denton, TX 76203-1307 USA	6,500	Hard copy	Academic literary	Publishes personal essays, memoirs, experimental nonfiction and literary journalism. Reading period is September 1 to May 1.
Areté Areté Ltd. 8 New College Lane, Oxford, OX1 3BN United Kingdom	Varies	Hard copy	Independent arts	Quality journal publishing quality literature from established authors.
Ballyhoo Stories BALLYHOO STORIES P.O. Box 170 Prince Street Station New York, NY 10012	7,000	Hard copy	Independent arts	Annual journal publishing fiction & creative nonfiction. Cute flash site. 2007 theme is ‘particles and stars’.
Brick – A Literary Journal Box 537, Stn Q Toronto, ON M4T 2M5 Canada		Email	Independent arts, Canadian tradition	“Journal of ideas” Publishes only nonfiction, i.e. personal essay, memoir, critique, etc. There’s a Helen Garner article in the current issue.
Cake Train—a journal and press Box 82588 Pittsburgh, PA 15218 USA	None specified	Email submissions as MSWord attachments	Independent arts
The Capilano Review 2055 Purcell Way North Vancouver, B.C. V7J 3H5 Canada	6,000	Hard copy	Prestigeous Canadian arts	Prestigious journal publishing experimental literature. Pays $CAD 50 per page, max $CAD 200.
Chattahoochee Review The Chattahoochee Review 2101 Womack Road Dunwoody, Georgia 30338-4497 USA	6,000	Hard copy	Independent arts	“We look for distinctive topical essays and personal "creative nonfiction" of any kind.” Specifically not an academic audience
* Creative Nonfiction Magazine By the Creative Nonfiction Organisation	5,000	Hard copy	Creative nonfiction movement journal	Offers publication and mentorship. Reading fee is $US20.00 (!) $10 per printed page
Descant PO Box 314, Station P Toronto, ON M5S 2S8		Hard copy	Prestigeous Canadian arts magazine	Accepts ‘well written’ essays—asks that you only send your ‘best, carefully edited work’
Doubletake/Points of Entry Department of English 1 University Place Christopher Newport University Newport News, VA 23606	1,000-5,000	Hard copy	Academic literary	Accepts topical, documentary or scholarly essays. Pays 2 copies of journal
* Fourth Genre Department of Writing, Rhetoric, and American Cultures Michigan State University 285 Bessey Hall East Lansing, MI 48824		Hard copy	Creative nonfiction move-ment; academic literary	Quarterly print and online journal devoted entirely to literary nonfiction. Website has an impressive forum section
Granta 2-3 Hanover Yard Noel Road London N1 8BE United Kingdom		Hard copy	Independent arts mag	Publishes only creative nonfiction with a long ‘shelf life’ (as publication can take a while).
Greatcoat	-	Email as MSWord or RTF attachment	Amateur independent journal	Journal of poetry and creative nonfiction.
* Harper’s Magazine 666 Broadway, 11^th Floor New York, NY 10012	Not given anywhere	Hard copy	Mainstream literary	Publishes one or two creative nonfiction essays per month. Contact first with a written query before submitting.
The Harvard Review Lamont Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA	7,000	Hard copy, overseas, email okay	Academic literary	Academic literary review
Headlight Journal	<500 words	Email	Amateur/ small	Prefers experimental texts.
Michigan Quarterly Review University of Michigan 3574 Rackham Bldg. 915 E Washington Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1070 USA	1,500 to 7,000 with 5,000 words average.	Hard copy	Academic	Prestigious. Each issue is themed.
Missouri Review	No word limit.	Online, as DOC, RTF, TXT or PDF attachments	Academic	Publishes a few nonfiction essays per issue, should be of general interest. More about submission here.
The New Yorker 4 Times Square New York, NY 10036 USA		Email, text in body of email	Mainstream literary	Very wordy-witty (NY Jewish humour) style, would be extraordinarily unlikely to publish a newcomer.
Ploughshares Emerson College.	500-5,000	Upload to submission page	Academic	Accepts one nonfiction personal essay per issue. Pays $25 per printed page to a max of $250.00.
Quarterly West 255 S. Central Campus Dr., Room 3500 Department of English University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA		Hard copy	Academic	Print Literary journal of the University of Utah Publishes creative nonfiction. Submissions Sept-May only. Pays 2 copies of magazine
* River Teeth Department of English Ashland University Ashland, OH 44805	None mentioned	Hard copy	Academic, creative nonfiction movement	Biannual journal of creative nonfiction. Has had essays accepted into Best American Essays, 2005. Publishes narrative reportage, essays, memoirs, critical essays of general interest.
Slow Trains	5,000	Email, text in body of email	Independent literary	Quarterly Online and annual print literary journal.
Threepenny Review PO Box 9131 Berkeley, CA 94709 USA	4,000	Hard copy	Independent literary	No submissions between Sept-Dec inclusive. Publishes narrative memoir. Prefers traditional, non-experimental forms of narratives.
Topic Magazine	No word limit	Email, text in body of email	Amateur	Quarterly print nonfiction literary magazine published by Cambridge grads. Publishes nonfiction with a strong narrative.
* Tiny Lights P.O. Box 928 Petaluma CA 94953 USA	either standard 1000-2000 words, or flash <1,000 words	Hard copy	Amateur	A print journal devoted to ‘personal narrative’. Submit by entering their biannual essay contest.
The Virginia Quarterly Review The Virginia Quarterly Review One West Range, Box 400223 Charlottesville, VA 22904-4223 USA	None specified	Hard copy	Academic	Distinguished literary review. Publishes several ‘well-written’ traditional essays per issue. Closed to submissions between June and September

Part 3: Creative nonfiction in the new media

Like all writing, creative nonfiction has some excellent outlets on the Internet. There are dangers, though, with publishing on one of these sites. You should make sure that you are convinced of both the quality of the journal, and that the work is your best, because since the advent of Google, your name may be linked in perpetuity with substandard piece, on a dodgy site. Secondly, amateur journals can have a very short lifespan, and there is the possibility that they may disappear completely, taking all traces of your work with them.

Table 10: Online literary journals publishing creative nonfiction

Journal[xv]	Word Length	Submit via	Comments
The Absinthe Review	5,000	email	High-quality experimental literature. Essays must be on a literary subject. Pays $2-20 per essay
Australian Reader		Submission by email:	Open to all, less established, lower quality.
Beehive – hypertext/hypermedia literary journal		Submit via email with attached file. Contact first with idea.	From the site “We are interested in new fiction, hypertext projects, poetry, critical theory essays, art and art historical essays. Our editorial policy is open – we are not limited to any specific genre or subject. We are most interested in writing that challenges...”
* Brevity Biannual journal associated with the Creative Nonfiction Organisation	750	Email submissions as MSWord attachments	Flash creative nonfiction
Contrary Chicago based literary journal 3114 S. Wallace Street Suite 2 Chicago, IL 60616	<1,000	Submissions by email only	Accepts creative, literary essays of any length, must be more creative than academic. Usually pays a token $20 per published article.
Del Sol Review	None stated	Either in text of email or as RTF attachment	Independent literary arts review
Dotlit Online Journal	4,000	Submit as email attachment	Publishes new and innovative writings including creative nonfiction and hypertext, supported by the Queensland University of Technology
Eclectica	None specified, but most are less than 2,000	Submissions by email only	Publishes creative nonfiction essays (amongst other things). Issues are archived indefinitely
Flak Magazine	500-1000		American youth oriented culture commentary. Guidelines ask that submissions be witty, brief, and avoiding first person references.
Flashquake	1,000	As text in email	Flash fiction site
Going Down Swinging	Max 5,000	Email with MS word attachment	Established, has some quality contributors, i.e. Kevin Brophy. Only submissions received between 1 April and 30 June will be considered.
Ink and Ashes Chicago based online journal		Email	Only accepts creative nonfiction or poetry, no fiction. Prose tends to be lyrical.
Jacket Magazine	None specified	Online submission	A high arts online literary magazine, mainly for poetry but also publishes about 5 or 6 essays or articles per month.
Literal Latté 200 East 10^th Street, Suite 240 New York, NY 10003 Tel: (212) 260-5532	6,000	Hard copy only	Stories or personal essays. Has published some very accomplished authors. Tone is light, spare and erudite.
Literary Mama online journal	500-7,000	Email as attachment	By and for literary mothers!
Per Contra Miriam Kotzin Suite 10B 250 South 13th Street Philadelphia, PA 19l07-5615		Only given when submissions are open	Online literary magazine publishing creative nonfiction. Submissions seem to be closed at the moment.
Projected Letters	None specified	Online	Well-established online literary journal. Publishes all sorts of nonfiction, but stipulates that any essays be authoritative and well referenced.
3 AM	3,000	Email	More amateur online literary journal, tends to be irreverent.
Word Riot	either 1000-5,000 words, or less than 500	Submissions in text of email	Publishes ‘edgy’, ‘raw’, ‘experimental’ pieces, including creative nonfiction. Reads a bit amateur to me.

~~Competitions:~~

~~These are all from the members lounge section of the ACT Writers’ Centre webpage:~~

*29 September - 2006 Trudy Graham Literary Awards. For short stories up to 3000 words and poems up to 50 lines. Theme: memoir. Entry fee: $5 per entry. Prizes in both sections: 1st $400, Runner-up $100. An entry form is required and is available by sending a SSAE to The Receiving Officer, Trudy Graham Literary Award, Peter Cowan Writers Centre, PO Box 239, Joondalup WA 6919.

~~30 September - Whim's Place Flash Fiction Contest.~~ Stories must be 500 words or less. Each entry fee is US$5, and you may enter as many stories as you like. The entry fee is payable through PayPal. Entries may be submitted online or by post. 1st place US$250, 2nd US$150, 3rd US$100 plus five honourable mentions of US$50 each. For more information visit ~~www.whimsplace.com. Queries to~~ ~~contest@whimsplace.com~~

~~30 November -~~ ~~Fellowship of Australian Writers (Vic) Incorporated 2006 NATIONAL LITERARY AWARDS Book Awards~~
~~1. FAW MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY PUBLISHING AWARD~~ Entry Fee $15 Sponsored by Melbourne University Publishing First Prize: $1000 An award for a NON-FICTION work, including biography and autobiography, of sustained quality and distinction with an Australian theme, first published after 30/11/05, and not previously published locally or overseas. Two copies of the book are required and will not be returned. Books published by Melbourne University Publishing ARE eligible for entry, as the judges for this Award are independent of MUP.

~~Overseas competitions~~

30 November - The New Writer Magazine: Prose and Poetry Prizes 2006. One of the major annual international competitions for short stories, novellas, single poems, poetry collections, essays and articles; offers cash prizes as well as publication for the prize-winning writers in The Collection - special edition of The New Writer magazine each July. Essays, Articles, Interviews - covering any writing-related or literary theme in its widest sense up to 2,000 words. 1st prize £150, 2nd £100, 3rd £50. Single entry £4 (TNW subscribers two entries at same fee). Short Stories, Serials/Novellas - stories up to 4,000 words, serials/novellas up to 20,000 words on any subject or theme, in any genre (not children's). Previously published work is not eligible. Short Stories: 1st prize £300, 2nd £200, 3rd £100. Novella: 1st prize £300. Entry fees £4 per short story (TNW subscribers two entries at same fee) or £10 per serial/novella. Single Poems and Collections - single poems up to 40 lines and collections of between 6 - 10 poems. Single poem entries must be previously unpublished; previously published poems can be included as part of a collection. Collection: 1st prize £300, 2nd £200, 3rd £100. Single: 1st prize £100, 2nd £75, 3rd £50. Entry fee £4 per single poem (TNW subscribers two entries at same fee, £10 per collection. All work should be clearly typed, double-spaced (except poetry), on one side of white A4 paper and paperclipped. Entrants may make as many ubmissions as they wish but please include your name, address, title of entry, word count and category on a separate cover sheet with every entry. A full list of winners will be sent provided SAE is enclosed. Further information including guidelines and entry fees at http://www.thenewwriter.com/prizes.htm or send SAE for printed entry form to The New Writer, PO Box 60, Cranbrook, Kent TN17 2RE tel 01580 212626; fax 01580 212041; admin@thenewwriter.com

~~1 December - IP Picks 2007 National Writing Competition~~

Now in it's 6th year, the IP Picks 2007 national writing competition seeks entries of unpublished manuscripts in the following categories: Best Fiction; Best Creative Non-Fiction; Best Poetry; and Best First Book. The winners are guaranteed royalty publication by one of IP's three imprints. Entries close 1 December 2006, for further information visit www.ippoz.biz/ip/ip_picks.htm Closing Date:1 December 2006

~~Australian Book Review Book Reviewing Competition~~

~~PO Box 2320, Richmond South, Vic 3121~~

~~http://home.vicnet.net.au/~abr/New%20Competition.htm~~ ~~(viewed 11 Oct. 06)~~

~~Entry form is Acrobat Reader~~

~~Prize: $200.00 Readings gift voucher, publication, one years’ subscription to~~ ~~ABR~~. Review must be less than 800 words, and on a book published since 2000 by an Australian or with Australian themes. Due September annually, check website for dates. Entry fee: $15.00 non-subscribers, $5.00 subscribers

~~Australian-Irish Heritage Joyce Parks Women Writers’ Prize~~

~~PO Box 1583 Subiaco WA 6904~~

~~www.irishheritage.net~~

~~For prose, fiction or non-fiction, word max 1,000. Open to all Australian women. Themes change so check the website, entry fee $10.00, prize $200~~

~~Calibre Prize for Outstanding Essay~~

~~http://home.vicnet.net.au/~abr/Competition%20-%20Calibre%202006.htm~~

~~Entry form is in Acrobat Reader~~

Prize $10,000, on any non-fiction topic, essays must be unpublished and not on offer to any other publication, 3,000-10,000 words. Entries close end July, but check website for updated information. Entry fee: $20 subscribers, $30 non-subscribers.

~~Berringa and Beyond Multicultural Literary Awards~~

~~C/- Post Office, Scarsdale VIC 3351~~

~~www.papyrus.com.au~~

~~Article of nomore than 1,800 words, on a multicultural theme. Entries close 30 November. Entry fee $5.50, 1~~^st ~~prise $125.00.~~

~~Ethel Turner Prize~~

~~NSW Premier’s Literary Awards,~~

~~NSW Ministry of the Arts~~

~~PO Box A226, Sydney South, NSW 1235~~

~~www.arts.nsw.gov.au~~

~~For fiction, non-fiction or poetry written for young people of secondary school level. No entry fee, Prize $15,000.~~

~~FreeXpresSion Literary Competition~~

~~PO Box 4, West Hoxton NSW 2171~~

~~www.freexpression.net~~

~~Category D. Article or Essay up to 2,000 words on any subject. Entry fee $5.00, Prize $200.00~~

This seems to be a less professional publication. There is no online content and to find the competition guidelines you have to subscribe to the magazine. Therefore could be a slightly riskier proposition with respect to copyright. Christian values.

~~Hastings Regional FAW Literary Competition~~

~~PO Box 67, Port Macquarie NSW 2444~~

~~Email: gillg@tsn.cc~~

Three sections, one of which is Article or Memoir. Max word length 1,000. Contact FAW for a copy of ‘The Writers’ Voice’ for all current competition and contact information. Entry fee $5.00, 1^st Prize $150.00.

~~The Alfred Deakin Prize for an Essay Advancing Public Debate~~

~~Victorian Premier’s Literary Awards~~

~~State Library of Victoria, 328 Swanston Street, Melbourne VIC 3000~~

~~www.slv.vic.gov.au/pla~~

For an essay, of over 2000 words, which advanced public debate, and was published in the eligible period. Prize $15, 000. Previous winners include John Button, Don Watson, Malcolm Fraser and Robert Manne, so probably best not to get the hopes up!

~~Todhunter Literary Award~~

~~47 Kitchener Avenue, Victoria Park, WA 6100~~

~~patchpost@brightonline.com.au~~

~~Can enter an essay of 3000-5000 (spoken) words, on a given topic. Closing date is 1 August, entry fee $15.00, First prize $2,000. Contact organisers for guidelines.~~

~~Northern Territory~~

~~http://www.ntwriters.com.au/~~

~~Allen and Unwin Writers’ Centre~~

~~http://www.allenandunwin.com/writing/home.asp~~

~~Jacket Magazine –~~

~~http://jacketmagazine.com/00/home.shtml~~ ~~(viewed 10 October 06)~~

Jacket is a highbrow online literary magazine which provides an outlet mainly for poetry in Australia, but also publishes about 5 or 6 essays or articles per month. Reviews, articles or interviews can be submitted for consideration via this link: ~~http://jacketmagazine.com/00/email-jacket.shtml~~

~~Dotlit -~~

~~http://www.dotlit.qut.edu.au/~~ ~~(viewed 10 October 06)~~

~~Online magazine from the Queensland University of Technology. Emphasis on new and innovative work, including hypertext works and creative non-fiction.~~

~~· Submit to~~ ~~dotlitsubmissions@qut.edu.au~~

~~· Only unpublished work is accepted~~

~~· Pieces should be submitted electronically, double spaced, in MS Word~~

~~· Allow up to ten weeks for a response~~

· ~~dotlit~~ ~~is currently negotiating funds and hopes to offer payment for non-academic contributions in the future~~

~~Creative prose word length 4,000. Spoken word digital stories must be no more than 2 minutes in length~~

~~Australia:~~ ~~OzLit~~

~~http://home.vicnet.net.au/~ozlit/~~
A big, sprawling, strangely organised site with lots of resources on writing in Australia. Not affiliated with any group and doesn’t seem to have been updated much since 1999.

~~Thylazine~~

~~http://www.thylazine.org/~~

Soul and real food! A free, online literary magazine with ethical concerns which extends to providing free, vegan foods to underprivileged children in the remote areas of the Northern Territory. Submissions should be in double spaced Word attachments, pictures as jpegs to director (at) thylazine (dot) org

~~Beehive – hypertext/hypermedia literary journal~~

~~http://beehive.temporalimage.com/~~

~~Highly experimental, but could well work a creative non-fictional essay into the format here.~~

From the site “We are interested in new fiction, hypertext projects, poetry, critical theory essays, art and art historical essays. Our editorial policy is open - we are not limited to any specific genre or subject. We are most interested in writing that challenges...

BeeHive accepts submissions as attached files in most common formats for MAC or PC. Poetry may be submitted in the body of an email message.
Please do not send content on initial contact.

~~Send queries to:~~ ~~beehive@percepticon.com~~ ”

~~http://beehive.temporalimage.com/departments/dpt_submissions.html~~

~~The Capilano Review~~

~~http://www.thecapilanoreview.ca/submissions.php~~

~~The Capilano Review~~ has a long history of publishing new and established Canadian writers and artists who are experimenting with or expanding the boundaries of conventional forms and contexts. International writers and artists with connections to Canada appear in our pages too.

~~Submissions~~

~~The Capilano Review is interested in experimental, venturesome writing and art. Our About Us and Issues links will give you a sense of the work we publish.~~

~~Please note the following essential details when you submit your work:~~

~~Enclose a self-addressed envelope. If you are submitting work from outside Canada, please include an international reply coupon or Canadian stamps.~~

~~Print your name and address on the manuscript.~~

~~For poetry submissions, send a minimum of 4 pages; for fiction, a maximum of 6,000 words.~~

~~It may take as much as 4 months to receive a response to your manuscript.~~

~~We do not accept responsibility for unsolicited manuscripts and visual art.~~

~~We do not accept submissions by email or on disk.~~

~~We publish with First North American Serial Rights.~~

~~Creative Non-Fiction Magazine:~~

~~American-based magazine of the Creative Non-Fiction Foundation.~~

~~http://www.creativenonfiction.org/default.htm~~

~~Offers publication and mentorship, but at a cost. $20.00 American just to read your stuff!~~

~~Definition of Creative Non-Fiction in Wikipedia~~

~~http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_nonfiction~~

~~Fourth Genre: - a journal for literary Non-fiction~~

~~http://msupress.msu.edu/journals/fg/~~

~~From their submission page:~~

~~Self-addressed, stamped, letter-sized envelope (SASE) for reply.~~

~~Do not send disks.~~

~~Double-spaced, on one side of 8.5" x 11" paper.~~

Include your name, address, phone number, email address, the piece's title, and an approximate word count. Include a stamped and self-addressed envelope for return of manuscript. Please limit cover letters to one page.

~~Send essay and memoir submissions and responses to the journal's content to:~~

~~David Cooper or Michael Steinberg~~

~~Editors, Fourth Genre~~

~~Department of Writing, Rhetoric, and American Cultures~~

~~Michigan State University~~

~~285 Bessey Hall~~

~~East Lansing, MI 48824~~

[i] Gutkind, L. What is Creative Nonfiction, http://www.creativenonfiction.org/thejournal/whatiscnf.htm, (viewed 26 October, 2006).

[ii] Frank Tempone, then-CNF editor of the Del Sol Review, came to conclusion that CNF techniques have been used at least since Egyptian funerary texts, and continually since then. He believed that the Gutkind’s CNF movement was more a justification for mediocrity. http://www.webdelsol.com/Del_Sol_Review/dsr9/tempone.htm

[iii] The Best Australian Essays 2000, ed Peter Craven, Black Inc. Melbourne, 2000.

[iv] Information Sheet G78--Competitions, Information Sheet G81--Journalists and Copyright,

Information Sheet G57--Creating and publishing on the internet. Available on http://www.copyright.org.au/ (viewed 26 October 2006).

[v] Mylchreest, I. 2001, Same old, same old libel laws, Findlaw Australia, http://www.findlaw.com.au/article/2104.htm

[vi] The Art of getting the grant, Susan Wyndham, The Age, March 5, 2005 http://www.theage.com.au/news/Books/The-art-of-getting-the-grant/2005/03/04/1109700675102.html (viewed 24 October 2006).

[vii] Most of these originally compiled in:

Summers, J, 2000. Australian Grants Register, Mercury, North Melbourne.

Australian Literary Awards and Fellowships, 2005. Thorpe-Bowker, Melbourne.

[viii] Many of these are listed in the State Library of NSW list of awards

http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/awards/

[ix] All information condensed from entries in Australian Writer’s Marketplace unless otherwise noted.

[x] Meanjin, Palgrave Macmillan/Melbourne University Publishing, Carlton Victoria, 2005-.

[xi] Overland 177, O L Society, Footscray, Victoria, 2004.

[xii] Southerly, Volume 64:3 Halstead Press, Broadway NSW, 2005.

[xiii] Westerly v49, University of West Australia, Nedlands WA, 2005

[xiv] Sourced from Google search engine, and Guide to Literary Prizes, (UK) 2000, Book Trust, London.